Liberec is a city in the Czech Republic. Located on the Lusatian Neisse and surrounded by the Jizera Mountains and Ještěd-Kozákov Ridge, it is the fifth-largest city in the Czech Republic. Settled by German and Flemish migrants since the 14th century, Liberec was once home to a thriving textile industry and hence nicknamed the "Manchester of Bohemia". For many Czechs, Liberec is mostly associated with the city dominant Ještěd Tower. Since the end of 19th century the city poses a conurbation with the towns Vratislavice which is its suburb and neighboring Jablonec nad Nisou. Therefore the total area with suburbs covers 150,000 inhabitants. This creates Liberec the third largest city in Bohemia after Prague and Pilsen.